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dc.contributor.authorTie, Bill Shu Hieng
dc.contributor.authorHalligan, Elaine
dc.contributor.authorZhuo, Shuo
dc.contributor.authorKeane, Gavin
dc.contributor.authorGeever, Luke
dc.date.accessioned2023-04-21T09:57:23Z
dc.date.available2023-04-21T09:57:23Z
dc.date.copyright2023
dc.date.issued2023-03-20
dc.identifier.citationTie, B.S.H., Halligan, E., Zhuo, S., Keane, G., Geever, L. (2023). Synthesis of NVCL-NIPAM hydrogels using PEGMA as a chemical crosslinker for controlled swelling behaviours in potential shapeshifting applications.Gels, 9, 248. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9030248en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://research.thea.ie/handle/20.500.12065/4482
dc.description.abstractStimuli-responsive hydrogels have recently gained interest within shapeshifting applications due to their capabilities to expand in water and their altering swelling properties when triggered by stimuli, such as pH and heat. While conventional hydrogels lose their mechanical strength during swelling, most shapeshifting applications require materials to have mechanical strength within a satisfactory range to perform specified tasks. Thus, stronger hydrogels are needed for shapeshifting applications. Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) and poly (N-vinyl caprolactam) (PNVCL) are the most popular thermosensitive hydrogels studied. Their close-to-physiological lower critical solution temperature (LCST) makes them superior candidates in biomedicine. In this study, copolymers made of NVCL and NIPAm and chemically crosslinked using poly (ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) were fabricated. Successful polymerisation was proven via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The effects of incorporating comonomer and crosslinker on the LCST were found minimal using cloud-point measurements, ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Formulations that completed three cycles of thermo-reversing pulsatile swelling are demonstrated. Lastly, rheological analysis validated the mechanical strength of PNVCL, which was improved due to the incorporation of NIPAm and PEGDMA. This study showcases potential smart thermosensitive NVCL-based copolymers that can be applied in the biomedical shapeshifting area. Keywords: hydrogels; soft materials; smart materials; biomaterials; hydrophilic; temperature-responsive; lower critical solution temperature; photopolymerisation; chemically crosslinking; copolymersen_US
dc.formatPDFen_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherMDPIen_US
dc.relation.ispartofGelsen_US
dc.rightsAttribution- 3.0 United States*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/*
dc.subjectHydrogelsen_US
dc.subjectSoft materialsen_US
dc.subjectSmart materialsen_US
dc.subjectBiomaterialsen_US
dc.subjectHydrophilicen_US
dc.subjectTemperature-responsiveen_US
dc.subjectLower critical solution temperatureen_US
dc.subjectPhotopolymerisationen_US
dc.subjectChemically crosslinkingen_US
dc.subjectCopolymersen_US
dc.titleSynthesis of NVCL-NIPAM hydrogels using PEGMA as a chemical crosslinker for controlled swelling behaviours in potential shapeshifting applicationsen_US
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleen_US
dc.contributor.affiliationTechnological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwesten_US
dc.description.peerreviewyesen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/gels9030248en_US
dc.identifier.eissn2310-2861
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6923-4807en_US
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5462-5888en_US
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1728-1374en_US
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2667-202Xen_US
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5481-3080en_US
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionen_US


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Attribution- 3.0 United States
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Attribution- 3.0 United States