Innovation ecosystems: a conceptual framework

Abstract

This paper addresses the need for a theoretical framework to stimulate research in the area of innovation ecosystems by building on historical analysis of innovation definitions. The work is a response to the assessment by scholars that there are significant research questions to be addressed in this important topic. The approach involved a review of antecedent models from the innovation literature. Arising from the analysis, we proposed a new theoretical lens to stimulate research in the innovation ecosystems. The result is an adaptation of Urie Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory (EST) that incorporates a technological component. The EST for innovation is an important theoretical contribution because it provides a fresh perspective for academic researchers to investigate the phenomenon; and it offers an accessible conceptual structure to navigate the increasingly complex innovation ecosystem.