The EU environmental legislation restricts the use of certain substances in products and, in addition, sets targets for recovery of products reaching end-of-life(EOL). Little support is provided to producers on how to ...

There are several options at the end-of-life (EOL) of a product: reuse/part reclamation, remanufacturing, recycling, incineration (with or without energy recovery) or disposal to landfill. Each option has an economic, an ...

Design is a process that involves information processing and decision-making. As cost is an important factor that must be considered in the decision-making at this phase, proper information about costs is extremely important ...